Iimpawu zengqondo ze-multiple sclerosis
1. Ukuziva ulahlekelwe
Xa sinesifo sokuqaqamba kwamalungu omzimba, isigulana sijamelana nocelomngeni oluchaphazela indlela aphila ngayo imihla ngemihla, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekubeni azive intlungu yokungakwazi ukwenza izinto ebekade ezithanda ngaphambili.
Intlungu elandela ukuphulukana nobu buchule iyahluka kuxinzelelo ngokweempawu ezininzi. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwezi mpawu kukuba olu hlobo losizi lolokwexeshana; Iyaphela ngokuthe ngcembe ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Ukongezelela, umntu ochaphazelekayo unokufumana intuthuzelo kunye nokuzonwabisa kwezinye izinto ezisekho ngaphakathi kwamandla akhe, kwaye oku kumnika ikhefu kwimingeni yesifo.
2. Ukutshintsha kweemvakalelo
Abantu abane-multiple sclerosis banokujongana nobunzima bengqondo kuba iimpawu zesi sifo ziyaguquguquka kwaye aziqikeleleki, zidala iimvakalelo zoxinzelelo kunye nokungaqiniseki. Le meko inokubangela ukuguquka kwemizwelo, maxa wambi okuphawulwa kukuxhalaba nomsindo okhawulezayo.
3. Uxinzelelo lwengqondo
Abantu abaninzi banengxaki yoxinzelelo lwengqondo ngenxa yeengxaki ezahlukeneyo zobomi, kwaye olu xinzelelo lunokuqina kubantu abane-multiple sclerosis. Esi sifo sichaphazela ukukwazi komntu ukwenza imisebenzi yakhe yemihla ngemihla ngokufanelekileyo, oko kwandisa imvakalelo yakhe yomthwalo kunye nokudinwa kwengqondo.
4. Ukuxhalaba
Ezinye izigulana ezine-multiple sclerosis ziba nexhala emva kokuba zifunyaniswe zineso sifo, njengoko kunzima kubo ukuqikelela ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba bazive benxunguphele.
5. Ukudakumba
Kuyaziwa ukuba izigulane ezine-multiple sclerosis zithwaxwa kukudakumba ngesantya esingaphezulu ngokuphindwe kathathu kunabanye. Izazinzulu, ukususela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, ziye zabonisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwesi sifo kunye nokudakumba. Nangona kunjalo, uphando olunzulu nolucwangcisiweyo kolu budlelwane luqale kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje.
6. I-Pseudobulbar ichaphazela
Isiganeko apho abantu babonisa iimpendulo zeemvakalelo ezingahambelaniyo neemvakalelo zabo zokwenyani kuthiwa yimpembelelo ye-anyanisi yobuxoki.
Sisenokumfumana umntu elila engakhange abe lusizi ngokwenene, okanye ephela yintsini into engeyiyo intlekisa.
Le meko ibangelwa ukuphazamiseka ekunxibelelaneni phakathi kwendawo yangaphambili nangemuva yengqondo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isiphumo semiphumo ye-multiple sclerosis.
Zeziphi iimpawu ezingezizo ezengqondo ze-multiple sclerosis?
Apha sihlaziya iqela leempawu zomzimba ze-multiple sclerosis, ezihluka kwimpembelelo yazo kunye nokuxhaphaka phakathi kwezigulane. Siza kungena kwiinkcukacha malunga nezi mpawu ukuqonda ngcono indlela esi sifo sichaphazela ngayo umzimba.
1. Ukuziva udiniwe
Uninzi lwabagulayo luziva ludiniwe, njengoko malunga nama-80% abantu bachatshazelwa yile meko. Oku kudinwa kunokukhokelela kumngeni wokugqiba imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla nokuba nenxaxheba kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo.
2. Ubunzima bokuhamba
Usenokuziva ndindisholo emilenzeni okanye ezinyaweni, yaye oku kunokukhatshwa bubunzima bokugcina ulungelelwano. Unokufumana kwakhona i-muscle spasms okanye ubuthathaka jikelele bemisipha, kunye neengxaki zombono zinokuthi zenzeke.
3. Iingxaki ezibonakalayo
I-Multiple sclerosis inokuchaphazela umbono, njengoko umntu enokuba neengxaki kwiliso elinye okanye omabini. Ezi ngxaki zingabonakala ngokuqhubekayo okanye zinokuthi zenzeke ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ukubuyiswa ngokupheleleyo kunokwenzeka. Phakathi kweempawu ezibonakalayo abantu abane-multiple sclerosis banokuzifumana:
- I-Optic neuritis, apho ukuvuvukala kwenzeka okuchaphazela i-nerve ehambisa ulwazi olubonakalayo ukusuka kwiso ukuya kwingqondo.
- Ukubona kabini, okubangela ukuba isigulane sibone izinto ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
- I-Nystagmus, intshukumo yamehlo ezenzekelayo, ephindaphindayo.
- Ukulahleka kombono, okunokuthi kube yinxenye okanye epheleleyo le miqondiso ifuna ukuvavanywa kwezonyango ukumisela unyango olufanelekileyo kunye nokulandela imeko yesigulane.
4. Iimpawu ezinxulumene nentetho
Ezinye iimpawu zibonakala emntwini, kuquka intetho engacacanga.
Ukwanengxaki yokunqumama okuphawulekayo ebudeni bentetho, enoba kuphakathi kwamagama okanye izivakalisi.
Yintoni i-multiple sclerosis
I-Multiple sclerosis sesinye sezifo ezikuluhlu lwezifo ezizimelayo, apho amajoni omzimba ahlasela i-myelin sheath, enoxanduva lokukhusela imithambo-luvo.
Olu hlaselo luyonakalisa inkqubo ye-nervous central, kubandakanywa nengqondo, intambo yomgogodla kunye ne-optic nerves, yonakalisa imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo njengombono, ibhalansi kunye nokulawula imisipha.
Iimpawu zokuqala ze-multiple sclerosis zihlala zivela ngexesha lobutsha, phakathi kweminyaka eyi-17 kunye ne-42 ubudala, kodwa zingenzeka nakweminye iminyaka kuquka ubuntwana kunye nobudala. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba abasetyhini basengozini enkulu yokufumana esi sifo kunamadoda.
Ziziphi iintlobo ze-multiple sclerosis?
I-Multiple sclerosis ihlelwa kwiindidi ezininzi, phakathi kwazo uhlobo lwe-relapsing-remitting lubonakala njengenye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo phakathi kwabo bachaphazelekayo, njengoko ixesha lesi sifo liphawulwa ngamaxesha okuphinda abuyele emva kokuxolelwa kwexeshana kwiimpawu.
Kwelinye icala, kuza i-secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, apho lowo ugulayo abone ukuwohloka okuqhubekayo kwemeko yakhe yempilo kunye nethuba lokuphinda abuyele.
Ngelixa i-primary progressive multiple sclerosis ibonakala ngokuwohloka ngokuthe ngcembe nangokuqhubekayo ngaphandle kwekhefu elicacileyo kwiimpawu okanye ukuphindaphinda.
Ngokubhekiselele kwi-benign multiple sclerosis, ithathwa njengeyona nto ilula kakhulu kwezi ntlobo, njengoko izigulana zichacha ngokupheleleyo ekubuyeleni kwakhona okunokuthi kubonakale, kwaye iziphumo zesi sifo zinokubonakala ngokungaqhelekanga kwithuba elide ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-10-15.
Yintoni unyango lwe-multiple sclerosis?
Akukabikho unyango olupheleleyo olukhoyo oluphelisa ngokupheleleyo i-multiple sclerosis, kodwa ezinye iindlela zonyango zinokulandelwa ukulawula iimpawu zesi sifo kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokuphumla phakathi kokuhlaselwa. Phakathi kweendlela ezisetyenziswayo:
- Sebenzisa i-corticosteroids efana ne-methylprednisolone kunye ne-prednisone ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwemithambo-luvo.
- Amayeza acothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphinda ubuyele, njenge-natalizumab kunye ne-interferon.
- Amachiza okuphelisa ukuqhawuka kwezihlunu.
- Amayeza anceda ukulwa nokudakumba.
- Landela ukutya okupheleleyo kunye nokulinganisela okuxhasa impilo yesigulane.
- Phumla ngokwaneleyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle komzimba.
- Ukuqhuba iiseshoni zonyango lomzimba ukugcina ukuhamba.
- Yenza umthambo rhoqo ukuphucula ukuqina komzimba kunye nempilo.
Ngezi ndlela, abantu abane-MS banokulawula ngcono isifo sabo kwaye baphucule umgangatho wobomi babo.