Ukunyanga isifo sephepha ngokutya
Xa kufikwa kunyango lwesifo sephepha, unyango ngamachiza linyathelo eliphambili. Kodwa kukho nendima ebalulekileyo kwisondlo esifanelekileyo ekuphatheni esi sifo.
Ukutya okunesondlo kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekomelezeni amajoni omzimba kunye nokuba negalelo kwinkqubo yokuchacha. Kukho ukutya okwandisa amajoni omzimba kwaye kunceda ukulwa ne-TB ngcono. Ezi ziquka ukutya okunovithamin C, ivithamin D, i-zinc, kunye neeproteni ezisempilweni. I-Vitamin C inokufumaneka kwiziqhamo ze-citrus ezifana neeorenji, iilamuni kunye namaqunube. IVithamin D inokufumaneka kwilanga elithe ngqo kunye nokunye ukutya okufana nentlanzi enamafutha kunye namaqanda. I-zinc inokufumaneka ekutyeni okufana nenyama, amandongomane kunye neenkozo. Ukongeza, kufuneka ulumkele ukutya inani elaneleyo leeprotheyini eziphilileyo zokuphucula inkqubo yokuphilisa umzimba.
Ngokubambelela kwakho kunyango lweziyobisi kunye nokutya okunempilo, unokwandisa amathuba akho onyango oluyimpumelelo lwesifo sephepha kwaye uphucule impilo yakho iyonke.
Usela ntoni umntu onesifo sephepha?
Ukutya okusempilweni, okunesondlo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokunyanga isifo sephepha kunye nokomeleza amajoni omzimba. Ukongeza kokutya okutyebileyo kwiivithamini kunye neeminerali, isigulane se-TB kufuneka sisele umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wolwelo ukunceda ukuphilisa kunye nokulwa nokudumba.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuphepha iziselo ezikhuthazayo ezifana nekofu kunye neti emnyama, njengoko zinokuphazamisa ukufunxa isinyithi ekutyeni. Kunoko, kufuneka usele amanzi amaninzi kunye neejusi zendalo, ezigcwele iivithamini kunye nezondlo.
Ezinye iziselo ezinokuba luncedo kwizigulana ze-TB ziquka ijusi yekherothi, ijusi yetumata entsha, kunye nelemonade enamanzi ashushu. Ezi ziselo ziphucula ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye zikhuthaza inkqubo yokuphilisa.
Kwakhona, ungalibali ukubambelela kunyango olumiselweyo phambi kokuba uqalise naluphi na utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo.
Isigulane sesifo sephepha kunye ne-anorexia
Xa umntu enesifo sephepha, usenokuziva engathandi kutya. Oku kunokuba ngenxa yezinto ezininzi, kuquka iimpawu ezinxulumene nesi sifo kunye nefuthe laso kwinkqubo yokugaya. Isigulane sinokufumana isicaphucaphu kunye nokulahlekelwa ngumdla ngenxa yeentlungu zesifuba kunye nokudinwa ngokubanzi okunokuhamba nesifo.
Kubalulekile ukuba umntu onesifo sephepha atye ukutya okusempilweni, okunesondlo ukuxhasa amajoni omzimba kwaye ancede ukulwa nesifo. Kusenokuba nzima kwezinye izigulana ukuba zitye kakuhle ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya, kodwa kukho iingcebiso ezinokulandelwa ukuze kuphuculwe umdla wokutya nokuqinisekisa ukutya okwaneleyo.
Luluvo olulungileyo ukutya okuncinci, ukutya rhoqo imini yonke kunokutya okukhulu, okungaqhelekanga. Ukutya amashwamshwam anezondlo njengeziqhamo ezitsha, imifuno, neenkozo ezipheleleyo kusenokunceda ukwandisa umdla wokutya kuze kukhuthaze umzimba ukuba utye ukutya okungakumbi.
Kwakhona, kufuneka ugweme ukutya ukutya okunzima kunye okunamafutha okunokubangela ukuvakalelwa kobunzima kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwesisu. Iziselo ezihlwahlwazayo kunye nezivuseleli ezifana nekofu kunye neti emnyama kufuneka ziphetshwe, njengoko zinokuchaphazela ukuthanda ukutya kwaye zibangele ukuphazamiseka kokutya.
Isigulana se-TB kufuneka silandele ukutya okusempilweni ukuze siqinisekise ukuba sithathwa izondlo eziyimfuneko kunye nokuxhasa inkqubo yokuphilisa. Isigulane sinokudinga ukubonisana nesondlo sokutya kwisikhokelo esilungiselelweyo kunye namanyathelo okuthintela ngokweemeko zemeko yakhe yempilo kunye neemfuno zomntu ngamnye.
Indlela yokulahla isifo sephepha?
Ngelishwa, isifo sephepha sisifo esiyingozi esosulelayo esichaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumla. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ithemba elikhulu lokuba inokunyangwa kwaye ipheliswe ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba unesifo sephepha okanye ukrokrela ukuba unesifo sephepha, unokuthatha amanyathelo athile okuphelisa eso sifo kwaye uphucule impilo yakho yonke.
Okokuqala nokuphambili, kuyimfuneko ukuqala ngonyango olufanelekileyo lweziyobisi. Oku kunokufuna ukubonisana nogqirha oyingcali kwaye ulandele ngokungqongqo iidosi ezimiselweyo. Unyango lunokuthatha ixesha elide kwaye lufuna umonde nonyamezelo.
Ukongeza kwonyango lweziyobisi, kukwacetyiswa ukuba ulandele ukutya okunempilo kunye nokulinganisela. Ukutya ukutya okuneevithamini neeminerali ezininzi, njengemifuno neziqhamo, kunokomeleza amajoni omzimba kwaye kunegalelo ekunyangeni. Kufuneka ukuphephe ukutya ukutya okunamafutha, iziselo ezithambileyo, kunye neemveliso eziyingozi kwimizi-mveliso.
Okokugqibela, kufuneka uziqhelise ukucoceka kobuqu kwaye uphephe ukunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo nabanye ukuze ungosuleli esi sifo. Ukugcina izandla zicocekile nokuzihlamba rhoqo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthinteleni usulelo.
Ngamafutshane, ukuphelisa isifo sephepha, kufuneka ubambelele kunyango lweziyobisi, ulandele ukutya okunempilo, kwaye ugcine ucoceko lomntu. Ngexesha elifanayo, kufuneka uqhubeke nokunakekelwa kwezonyango rhoqo kwaye ulandele ugqirha wakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuphuculwa kunye nokuba isifo asibuyi.
Ingaba isigulane se-TB siziva singcono nini?
Xa uqala unyango olulungileyo noluchanekileyo lwesifo sephepha, isigulane sinokuziva singcono emva kwexesha elifutshane. Uphuculo ludla ngokuqala kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqalisa unyango. Nangona kunjalo, ixesha lokuziva ngcono linokwahluka kumntu nomntu.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye nokusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo konyango olufanelekileyo, izigulane zinokuziva ziphucula ngokuqhubekayo kwimeko yazo yempilo. Basenokuqaphela ukuphucuka kweempawu zabo ze-TB ezaziwayo ezinjengokhohlokhohlo oluzingisileyo, ifiva, kunye nokuncipha kobunzima obungachazwanga.
Nangona kunjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuqaphela ukuba unyango kufuneka lugqitywe ngokwemiyalelo ethile yonyango kunye nexesha elaneleyo. Umguli usenokungaziva ngcono ngokupheleleyo de abambelele kunyango kangangethuba elithile. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nonyango kwaye ulandele ugqirha ukuze ufezekise ukubuyiswa ngokupheleleyo kwisifo sofuba.
Ngaba isifo sephepha sinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo?
Isifo sephepha sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiMycobacterium tuberculosis. Umntu usenokosulelwa sisifo sephepha xa echanabeke kwezi ntsholongwane zize ziphindaphindeke emzimbeni wakhe. Nangona kunjalo, into entle kukuba i-TB inokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ngonyango oluchanekileyo nolufanelekileyo.
Unyango lwezondlo lwesifo sofuba ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxhaseni inkqubo yokuphilisa. Ukongeza kokuthatha amayeza e-anti-tuberculosis achazwe ngugqirha, kuyacetyiswa ukuba utye ukutya okucebileyo kwizondlo eziyimfuneko ukuqinisa amajoni omzimba. Oku kunokuquka ukutya iziqhamo nemifuno emitsha, iiproteni ezisempilweni, ukutya okuneevithamini neeminerali ezibalulekileyo ezifana nevithamin C, ivithamin D, nezinc.
Kukwacetyiswa ukuba uphephe iziselo ezinxilisayo, ukutya okuqhotsiweyo nokunamafutha, neziselo ezihlwahlwazayo, njengoko zisenokwenza buthathaka amajoni omzimba kwaye ziphazamise inkqubo yokuchacha.
Kufuneka unamathele kunyango lweziyobisi olumiselwe ngugqirha kwaye ulandele ukutya okunempilo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba isifo sephepha sinyangwa ngokupheleleyo.
Ngaba isifo sephepha sikhokelela kwi-anemia?
Isifo sephepha sisifo esosulelayo esidla ngokuchaphazela imiphunga. Nangona isifo sephepha sinokubangela iingxaki ezininzi zempilo, asijongwa njengonobangela othe ngqo weanemia.
Noko ke, abanye abantu abanale ngxaki basenokungakuthandi ukutya baze babhitye, maxa wambi okukhokelela ekubeni babe neanemia ebangelwa kukuncipha kwehemoglobin egazini. Ezi ngxaki zempilo kumzimba zisisiphumo semfuno yawo yokutya okunempilo kunye nokulinganisela.
Ukuze ugweme i-anemia kunye nokukhuthaza impilo ezinzileyo ngexesha lesifo sofuba, isigulane kufuneka sidle ukutya okunevithamini, iiminerali kunye neeprotheni. Ukutya kwakhe kufanele kuquke iziqhamo, imifuno, ukutya okuziinkozo, neeproteni ezisempilweni njengenyama eyojiweyo, intlanzi namandongomane.
Ngamafutshane, nangona isifo sofuba singabangeli ngokuthe ngqo i-anemia, ukutya ukutya okunempilo, okunokulinganisela kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni impilo yonke ngelixa ululama kwisifo.
Loluphi olona hlobo luyingozi lwesifo sephepha?
Isifo sephepha sesinye sezona zifo zixhaphakileyo ezosulelayo ehlabathini. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokuchaphazeleka kwintsholongwane yesifo sephepha ebizwa ngokuba yiMycobacterium tuberculosis. Esi sifo sinokuchaphazela kakhulu imiphunga, kodwa sinokusasazeka nakwamanye amalungu omzimba njengamathambo, izintso kunye nengqondo.
Phakathi kweentlobo ngeentlobo ze-TB, i-TB enganyangekiyo ngamachiza yeyona iyingozi kakhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba iibhaktheriya ezibangela isifo ziye zaxhathisa kumayeza amaninzi aqhelekileyo asetyenziselwa ukunyanga. I-TB enganyangekiyo ngamachiza ngumngeni omkhulu wempilo yoluntu, njengoko kunzima ukuyinyanga kwaye ibeke esichengeni abantu abosulelekileyo kwiingozi zempilo.
Ukuthintela ukosulelwa sisifo sephepha, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo othintelo kuquka ugonyo, ukuphepha ukudibana kakhulu nabantu abosulelekileyo, nokugcina indawo engqongileyo icocekile. Ukuba isifo sofuba sikrokreka, kuyimfuneko ukuba udibane nogqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba uhlolisise isifo kwaye uqale unyango olufanelekileyo.
Ngaba ubisi aluvumelekanga kwizigulana zesifo sephepha?
Akukho bungqina benzululwazi bokuthintela ukusetyenziswa kobisi kwizigulane zesifo sephepha. Enyanisweni, ubisi kukutya okucebileyo kwizondlo ezibalulekileyo, iiprotheni kunye ne-calcium. Ezi zondlo zibalulekileyo zinokufaka isandla ekwandiseni amajoni omzimba kunye nokomeleza umzimba ekulweni izifo.
Nangona kunjalo, indlela umntu ngamnye asabela ngayo ekuseleni ubisi inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela umzimba olwenza ngayo. Abanye abantu abanesifo sephepha basenokungadibani nobisi okanye kube nzima ukulucola. Kwezi meko, abantu kufuneka badibane nogqirha ukuze bafumane imiyalelo ethile.
Qaphela ukuba ukuphepha ubisi akuyomfuneko kwizigulane ezine-TB, kodwa kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo kwaye umamele umzimba wakho kunye nemiyalelo kagqirha wakho. Isenokuba luluvo olulungileyo ukuluphepha ubisi ukuba ufumana naziphi na izenzo ezingalunganga kulo, kwaye lunokutshintshwa ngezinye iindlela ezinokusetyenziswa njengobisi olusekelwe kwizityalo.
Zeziphi iingxaki zesifo sephepha?
Isifo sephepha sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yi-Mycobacterium tuberculosis, esinokuchaphazela iinkalo ezininzi zempilo kunye nokuphila kakuhle. Ukunganyangi i-TB ngendlela eyiyo kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezimandundu.
Enye yeengxaki eziqhelekileyo zesifo sephepha kukuphuma kwegazi kwimiphunga. Xa i-fibrosis emiphungeni ijika ibe sisiva, oku kunokubangela umonakalo kwimithambo yegazi emiphungeni nokopha kweecapillaries. I-pulmonary hemorrhage ingabangela iingxaki zokuphefumula ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla kunye nokuphefumula okufutshane, kwaye oku kunokuba kubi kakhulu ukuba ukungenelela kwezonyango ngokukhawuleza akwenziwanga.
Enye ingxaki enzulu yesifo sephepha sisifo sikaParkinson. Izigulana ezine-TB zisemngciphekweni owonyukileyo wokuba nesifo sikaParkinson, isifo semithambo-luvo esibangela iimpawu ezifana nokungcangcazela kunye nobunzima bokuhamba. Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba kukho ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-Mycobacterium tuberculosis kunye nomonakalo kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo engqondweni ekhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwesifo sikaParkinson.
I-TB isenokuthi ikhokelele kwiziphumo zeemvakalelo nezengqondo. Izigulana ezininzi ezine-TB ziba nexhala, ukudakumba, kunye nokuba likheswa. Impembelelo yengqondo yesi sifo inokukhokelela ekuwohlokeni kwimeko jikelele yabo bosulelwe yi-TB kunye nefuthe elibi kubomi bemihla ngemihla.
Kubalulekile ukuba isifo sephepha siphathwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuphepha le ngxaki enzima. Izigulane kufuneka zilandele ukutya okunempilo, zithathe amayeza amiselweyo rhoqo kwaye zihambelane neengcebiso zonyango ukuqinisekisa ukubuyiswa kwazo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki.
Ngaba isifo sephepha sikhokelela ekufeni?
Lo mbuzo unokubangela inkxalabo kubantu abaninzi abanesifo sephepha. Kodwa impendulo ayithethi ukuba ewe. Enyanisweni, isifo sephepha sinokunyangwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokutya kwaye sithintelwe ukuba sikhule sibe kwinqanaba elibi elikhokelela ekufeni.
Xa umntu echanabeke kwisifo sephepha, elona nyathelo libalulekileyo lokuchacha kukuqalisa unyango olufanelekileyo aze alandele ukutya okusempilweni, okunesondlo. Umguli ufanele atye ukutya okuziivithamini neeminerali ezininzi ezomeleza amandla akhe okuzikhusela aze amncede alwe nosulelo. Ukutya okunamafutha kunye okuthosiweyo, iziphuzo ezithambileyo, kunye noshukela ogqithiseleyo kufuneka kugwenywe, njengoko zenza buthathaka amajoni omzimba kwaye zichaphazele kakubi ukubuyiswa kwesigulane.
Abantu abanesifo sofuba kufuneka kwakhona bathathe amayeza amiselweyo rhoqo kwaye bagqibe ixesha lonyango elichazwe ngugqirha onyangayo. Ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela unyango kunokukhokelela ekunyuseni komngcipheko wokuqhubela phambili kwesifo kunye neengxaki.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokubonisana nodokotela, ngokulandela ukutya okunempilo, kunye nonyango oluqhelekileyo, abantu abanesifo sofuba banokuphucula ithuba labo lokubuyisela kwaye bagweme iingxaki ezinzulu.
Ngaba isifo sephepha sibonakala kuvavanyo lwegazi?
Isifo sephepha sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yintsholongwane yeMycobacterium. Xa umntu echanabeke kule ntsholongwane, esi sifo sinokukhula size sichaphazele imiphunga namanye amalungu omzimba. Enye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokuxilonga isifo sephepha kukuhlalutya igazi elebhu.
Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi ezilungileyo azikho indlela echanekileyo yokufumanisa isifo sephepha. Uhlalutyo lwegazi lunokubaluleka ekuhloleni ukusuleleka kwe-mycobacterium, kodwa akwanelanga ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo zingafuneka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubukho besifo.
Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho amathandabuzo okuba unesifo sephepha, kukulungele ukudibana nogqirha oyingcali oya kuvavanya imeko yakho kwaye ayalele iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko zokuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo. Kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba unyango lwesifo sephepha luhlala lunamachiza alwa nesifo sephepha ixesha elide kwaye lulandelelwa ngamaxesha athile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusabela kunyango.
Lithathwa nini iyeza lesifo sephepha?
Xa umntu efunyaniswa ukuba unesifo sephepha, unyango lwesifo sofuba lumiselwe olubandakanya amayeza amaninzi okulwa ne-antibacterial. Ishedyuli ye-dosing kunye nexesha elithile lonyango lichongwa ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zemeko yomntu ngamnye.
Unyango lwe-TB ludla ngokuthathwa iinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-9. Kwiimeko ezininzi, isigulane kufuneka sithathe amayeza e-TB ixesha elide ukuphelisa usulelo kwaye luthintele ukuba lungabuyi.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbuza umntu one-TB ukuba athathe amayeza akhe ngexesha elimiselweyo kwaye rhoqo. Ukutsiba iidosi zechiza okanye ukuliyeka kwangethuba kakhulu kunokukhokelela kuphuhliso lweentlobo ezinganyangekiyo ngamachiza kwaye isifo sibuye.
Kwanasemva kokuchacha kwi-TB, umntu kufuneka aqhubeke nokulandela izikhokelo zonyango kwaye afikelele kukhathalelo lwempilo rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isifo asibuyi.
Ngaba isifo sephepha sosulela ngokubamba?
Isifo sephepha sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa luhlobo lwebhaktiriya ebizwa ngokuba yiMycobacterium tuberculosis. Nangona i-TB isasazwa kakhulu emoyeni xa umntu osulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla, inokosulela nokubamba.
Ngokubanzi, ukudibana nomntu one-TB ngaphandle kokhuseleko olufanelekileyo, njengokunxiba imaski efanelekileyo yokukhusela, lithuba lokudlulisela usulelo. Iintsholongwane ziyakwazi ukudluliselwa ngokuchukumisa indawo engcolileyo njengempahla ekwabelwana ngayo, njengamacwecwe okanye iipuni.
Kodwa kunqabile ukuba isifo sephepha sisasazeke kuphela ngokuchukumisa, ngaphandle kokudibana rhoqo nomntu osulelekileyo. Kufuneka uthathe amanyathelo okhuseleko ayimfuneko ukuze uphephe ukungenwa sisifo sephepha, kwaye kungcono ukubambelela kwirejimeni echazwe ngamaziko ezempilo. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unesifo sofuba, kucetyiswa ukuba u tyelele ugqirha ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokunyangwa kwesimo.
Ngaba isifo sephepha sisasazeka ngokukhawuleza?
Umkhuhlane, ingqele, ingqele, nezinye izifo ezasulelayo zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwabantu, kodwa ngaba isifo sephepha sikwagqalwa njengesinye sezi zifo zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza?
Enyanisweni, isifo sephepha sisifo esosulelayo esingapheliyo esingasasazeki ngokukhawuleza njengezifo ezibangelwa zizifo ezifana nomkhuhlane. Isifo sephepha sisasazwa ziintsholongwane ze-TB ezibangela izifo ezidluliselwa komnye umntu ngomoya, ngokuqhelekileyo xa umntu osulelweyo ekhohlela, ethimla, okanye ethethela phezulu aze akhuphe amathontsi athwele iintsholongwane.
Kodwa, ungakhathazeki, kuba ukwanda kwesifo sephepha kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, njengokungangeni komoya kakuhle kwiindawo ezixineneyo, amajoni omzimba abuthathaka, nokungakhuseleki kakuhle kusulelo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukulandela amanyathelo okuthintela, ukomeleza amajoni omzimba, nokuqinisekisa ukungena komoya kakuhle ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kwesifo sephepha.
